Common harmful effects:
Harmful algal blooms: Production of neurotoxins, which causes mass mortalities in seabirds, fishes, sea turtles, and other marine creatures.
Humans can suffer from any illness or can also lead to death after the consumption of seafood that is contaminated by toxic algae.
Mechanical damage to other organisms, such as disruption of epithetical gill tissues in fish, results in asphyxiation.
Oxygen depletion of the water column from cellular respiration and bacterial degradation.
Harmful algal blooms: causes
cause of HABs are unclear, somewhere it appears natural while somewhere it is anthropogenic.
The frequency and severity of HABs in some parts of the world have been linked to increased nutrients leading from human activities. in other areas, HABs are a predictable seasonal occurrence resulting from coastal upwelling, a natural result of ocean currents.
The growth of toxic and non-toxic marine phytoplanktons is generally limited by the availability of nitrates and phosphates, which can be abundant in coastal upwelling zones as well as agriculture run-off. the type of phosphates and nitrates available in the ecosystem is also a factor.
A variety of other nutrient sources and various other factors can also play an important role in affecting algal bloom formation.
The decline of creatures such as filter-feeding shellfish populations – oysters, likely contributes to the Harmful Algal Blooms occurrence.
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